{"id":1871,"date":"2021-07-16T11:53:39","date_gmt":"2021-07-16T10:53:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/?page_id=1871"},"modified":"2021-07-16T12:33:01","modified_gmt":"2021-07-16T11:33:01","slug":"functional-cvd","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/functional-cvd\/","title":{"rendered":"Functional chemical vapour deposition"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Thin films on bulk materials such as glass, metal or plastics can give functional properties such as infection control, self-clean, conductive, light trapping, anti-reflection, or surface wettability.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Infection control<\/strong> &#8211; Silver and copper have been known as far back as 2600 BC for their anti-microbial properties. By incorporating these with other materials (e.g. silica or titanium dioxide) for increased hardness and additional self-cleaning we have shown their abilities to kill <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cvde.201106978\">a range of different types of bacteria<\/a> or combined functionality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-e-coli-combined-1024x315.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1874\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-e-coli-combined-1024x315.png 1024w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-e-coli-combined-300x92.png 300w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-e-coli-combined-768x236.png 768w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-e-coli-combined.png 1327w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Viable cell count for E coli on FACVD silver and copper oxide<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The persistence of pathogenic, antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals, alongside the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, shows how rapidly micro-organisms can spread from contaminated surfaces as well as between people. At Salford there is a <a href=\"http:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/salford-antibiotics-research-network\/\">cross-disciplinary grouping<\/a>, including Salford Royal Foundation Trust, all working towards solving these issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conductive <\/strong>\u2013 Doped tin oxide and zinc oxide have been used as electrodes in photovoltaics. By tailoring the surface structure and roughness it was possible to increase light trapping and hence improved device performance. In addition, layers of dense, pinhole free titania or porous nickel oxide have been used as efficient charge carriers in other cell types.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"413\" src=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-conductivity-1024x413.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-conductivity-1024x413.png 1024w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-conductivity-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-conductivity-768x310.png 768w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-conductivity.png 1274w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Anti-reflection<\/strong> &#8211; Controlling the porosity, which modifies the refractive index, and thickness of a thin film alters the extent of light interference and hence what wavelengths of light are reflected, so modifying the coatings <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pssa.201532286\">anti-reflection<\/a> performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"686\" height=\"406\" src=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-antireflection.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1876\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-antireflection.png 686w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-antireflection-300x178.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Surface wettability<\/strong> \u2013 Hydrophobic behaviour can be obtained in CVD deposited coatings, whether polymeric or surface structured to follow the ability of lotus leaves to shed water. Alternatively, a coating can be made controllably hydrophobic to hydrophilic under UV light due to photocatalytic activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"257\" src=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-wetting-1024x257.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1880\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-wetting-1024x257.png 1024w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-wetting-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-wetting-768x193.png 768w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-wetting.png 1377w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Coatings do not just have to be on flat surfaces, at Salford, we have deposited III-V semiconductors in 3D structures to give opalescent structures with full photonic bandgaps or by use of gold nano-dots catalysts formation of 2D silicon wires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"434\" src=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-3D-structures-1024x434.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-3D-structures-1024x434.png 1024w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-3D-structures-300x127.png 300w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-3D-structures-768x326.png 768w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-3D-structures-1536x651.png 1536w, https:\/\/hub.salford.ac.uk\/sirc-materials-and-physics\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/161\/2021\/07\/Heather-CVD-3D-structures-2048x868.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thin films on bulk materials such as glass, metal or plastics can give functional properties such as infection control, self-clean, conductive, light trapping, anti-reflection, or surface wettability.\u00a0 Infection control &#8211; Silver and copper have been known as far back as 2600 BC for their anti-microbial properties. By incorporating these with other materials (e.g. silica or [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":240,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1871","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Functional chemical vapour deposition | Materials and Physics | University of Salford<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Read about the wide range of material properties possible with CVD and how you can get involved as an undergraduate, postgraduate or potential collaborator.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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